2020是什么？

如果2020是个秋千，那么它一定会让人撞到墙边 。         

如果2020是个滑梯，那么它一定让人感受垂直落地。

如果2020是包薯片，那么它一定让人五味杂陈......

这是苦中作乐的网友们发在borepanda网站上的内容，用以发出他们对2020年的感触。

魔幻的2020还有三周即将结束，如果用一个词来形容2020，你会选择哪个词呢？

如果你的回答是一言难尽或者无话可说的话，那不如一起去看看各大词典已经评选出的2020年度词汇吧。

柯林斯：lockdown 封锁

词汇定义：Lockdown is defined by Collins as "the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces" and its usage has boomed over the last year.
《柯林斯词典》将“封锁”定义为“对旅行、社交互动和公共空间出入实施严格限制”，该词的使用量在过去一年间飙升。 "Language is a reflection of the world around us and 2020 has been dominated by the global pandemic," says Collins language content consultant Helen Newstead." We have chosen lockdown as our word of the year because it encapsulates the shared experience of billions of people who have had to restrict their daily lives in order to contain the virus. Lockdown has affected the way we work, study, shop, and socialise. With many countries entering a second lockdown, it is not a word of the year to celebrate but it is, perhaps, one that sums up the year for most of the world."
《柯林斯词典》的语言内容顾问海伦·纽斯特德说：“语言反映了我们周边的世界，2020 年是被全球疫情主宰的一年。我们选择‘封锁’作为今年的年度词汇，因为它概括了数十亿人被迫限制日常生活以防控病毒蔓延的共同经历。封锁影响了我们工作、学习、购物和社交的方式。如今许多国家都进入了第二轮封锁，这不是一个值得庆贺的年度词汇，但也许这个词能概括世界上大多数人的这一年。”

韦氏：pandemic 流行病

词汇定义：An outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area (such as multiple countries or continents) and typically affects a significant proportion of the population.
《韦氏词典》官方给出的释义为“疾病的爆发，所发生的地域广阔（如多个国家或大洲），通常影响很大一部分人口“。 Sokolowski told The Associated Press that major news events often have a technical word related to them. In the case of the coronavirus crisis, "The word pandemic is not just technical but has become general." He added that pandemic is also a word that will likely be used in the future to describe this period in history. 《韦氏词典》特约编辑索科洛夫斯基在接受美联社采访时表示，“重大新闻事件通常都有与之相关的术语。以冠状病毒危机为例，流行病一词不仅是技术上的，而且已经成为普遍现象。”他补充说，“‘流行病’这个词将来很可能会被用来形容这一历史时期。”

剑桥：quarantine 隔离

词汇定义："A general period of time in which people are not allowed to leave their homes or travel freely, so that they do not catch or spread a disease," it reads.《剑桥词典》中写道，疫情期间的“隔离”指的是“禁止人们离家或自由旅行的一段时间，这样人们就不会感染或传播疾病。” The dictionary's editors said that it was the third most searched-for word of the year, but comes in at number one once you discount words that recur almost every year, such as "hello" and "dictionary". 该词典的编辑们说，“隔离”在今年的搜索量中排名第三，但如果去掉“你好”和“词典”这类几乎每年都出现的词，“隔离”就跃居榜首。The words that people search for reveal not just what is happening in the world, but what matters most to them in relation to those events.《剑桥词典》出版经理温达林·尼科尔斯（Wendalyn Nichols）说：“人们搜索的词汇不仅能揭示世界上正在发生的事情，还能揭示与这些事件相关的、对他们来说最重要的事情。”

牛津尚未选出

有了剑桥，怎么可以没有牛津呢？然而，今年牛津表示：他们选不出来。牛津的专家们无法用一个词来概括2020，于是他们发表了一个2020年度词汇报告，并称之为这是前所未有的一年。所以，我们只能通过牛津整理出的时间线来回忆这一年发生的事情啦。


虽然牛津没有选出属于他们的年度词汇，但是其他字典选出的年度词汇皆可以在《牛津高阶英汉双解词典（第9版）》中找到。

 
此外，在《朗文英语写作活用词典（英汉双解）》中，还可以找到年度词汇的同近义词哦。

To separate people from each other, the rest of society etc 

把人互相隔开，和社会中的其他人隔开等

separate

使隔离 （尤指为了避免他们在一起制造麻烦）

Teachers thought it best to separate Paul and Fred and put them in different classes.

老师认为最好把保罗和弗雷德分开，安排到不同的班。

keep sb apart

将某人分开（让他们不能互相交谈或伤害对方）

At the party it seemed only sensible to keep her ex-husband and her new boy-friend apart.

晚会上，似乎只有把她前夫和新男友分开才是明智之举。

isolate

隔离 （尤指传染病患者）

We used to routinely isolate people who had measles.

我们以前都是例行隔离患有麻疹的人。

cut sb off from 

把某人同（他们经常在一起的人）分开

She realized that he was trying to cut her off from her friends.

她意识到，他是想让她和朋友断绝来往。

segregate

隔离（尤因为种族、性别、宗教等的关系）

Schools should not segregate children with disabilities.

学校不应该隔离有残障的儿童。

segregation

种族隔离

Racial segregation in schools still exists in some southern states.

南方有些州的学校依旧存在种族隔离制度。

apartheid

（以前南非的）种族隔离制度

Mandela was in prison for over 25 years for opposing apartheid in South Africa.

曼德拉因反对南非的种族隔离制度而被囚禁了25年多。

in quarantine

（因患传染病）被隔离

One of the crew caught smallpox, and soon they were all in quarantine

其中一名船员得了天花，不久他们全体都被隔离。

 以上词汇内容部分整理自《牛津高阶英汉双解词典（第9版）》和《朗文英语写作活用词典（英汉双解）》，新闻资料和图片来自网络。

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